Health

What to know about cardiovascular disease

Published

2 years ago

February 12, 2023

Charles

What to know about cardiovascular disease

The cardiovascular system, or circulatory system, supplies the body with blood. These include the heart, muscles, tendons and ligaments.

However, there are several ways to reduce the risk of developing these conditions.

Treatment, symptoms, and prevention of heart disease often overlap.

This article discusses the different types of heart disease, their symptoms and causes, as well as their prevention and treatment.

Type

CVDs have different properties. Some of them occur simultaneously or together with other diseases and illnesses.

Heart diseases and conditions include:

Angina is a type of chest pain that reduces blood flow to the heart
Arrhythmia, palpitations or heart rhythm
Congenital heart disease is a problem with the function or structure of the heart from birth
Coronary artery disease affects the heart muscle
A heart attack or a sudden stoppage of blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart
Heart disease prevents the heart from contracting or relaxing
cardiomyopathy, a type of heart disease in which the heart enlarges so much that it cannot pump blood.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, where the walls of the heart muscle harden, causes problems with muscle relaxation, blood flow, and electrical conduction.
mitral regurgitation, in which blood flows back into the heart’s mitral valve during contraction
Mitral valve prolapse occurs when part of the mitral valve protrudes into the left atrium of the heart as it dries, causing mitral valve regurgitation.
Pulmonary artery stenosis, in which narrowing of the pulmonary artery blocks blood flow from the right ventricle (the chamber that pumps the lungs) to the lungs (the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood to the lungs).
aortic stenosis, a narrowing of the heart valve that can prevent blood from flowing through the heart
Atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm that increases the risk of stroke

Rheumatoid arthritis is a complication of strep throat that causes inflammation of the heart, affecting the heart’s function.

Heart disease where radiation to the chest can damage the heart valves and blood vessels

Cancer affects the arteries, veins, or capillaries throughout the body and heart.

These are:

A disease of the peripheral arteries that causes muscle spasms and reduces blood flow to the extremities
An aneurysm is a swollen or enlarged vein that ruptures and bleeds
Atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque on blood vessel walls, narrows and reduces the flow of oxygen-rich blood.
High blood pressure can be caused by kidney disease that affects the blood supply to the kidneys.
In Raynaud’s disease, the arteries narrow, temporarily blocking blood flow.
Peripheral vascular disease, or damage to the veins that carry blood from the legs and arms to the heart, can cause swelling and throbbing veins in the legs.
If a clot enters a pulmonary artery, it can rupture, which is dangerous
A bleeding disorder in which blood does not form as quickly or as quickly, causing excessive bleeding or bleeding.
Borger’s disease often causes bleeding and inflammation in the legs, which can lead to gangrene.

While some heart conditions can be managed with lifestyle changes, others are life-threatening and require emergency surgery.

Symptom

Symptoms depend on the specific situation. Some conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, may have no symptoms at first.

However, common symptoms of underlying cardiovascular problems include:

Chest pain or pressure, which may be angina.
Pain or discomfort in your arm, left shoulder, elbow, jaw, or back
Difficulty in breathing
Nausea and fatigue
Dizziness or vertigo.
Cold sweats

Although more common, heart disease can cause symptoms anywhere in the body.

Lifestyle advice

To prevent some CVD conditions, you can take the following steps:

Weight maintenance: According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, when a person loses 5-10 percent of their body weight, the risk of developing CVD decreases.

Regular exercise: The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week.

Eat a heart-healthy diet: In addition to fruits and vegetables, foods rich in polyunsaturated fats and omega-3s, such as fatty fish, promote heart health and may reduce the risk of CVD. I can do it. Reducing your intake of processed foods, salt, saturated fat and added sugars can have a similar effect.

Quit smoking: Smoking is a major risk factor for almost all types of CVD. Quitting smoking can be difficult, but taking steps to quit can greatly reduce the harmful effects on your heart.

Process

Which treatment you choose depends on the specific type of CVD you have.

However, there are some options.

A drug that lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, improves blood flow and regulates heart rhythm

Surgeries such as coronary artery bypass surgery and valve repair/replacement surgery

Cardiac rehabilitation including exercise prescription and lifestyle advice

Treatment goals:

Relief from symptoms

Reduce the risk of recurrence or worsening of the condition or disease.

Avoid complications such as hospitalization, heart failure, stroke, heart attack, and death.

Depending on the condition, your healthcare provider may also try to relax your arteries to stabilize your heart rhythm, reduce blockages, and improve blood flow.

Risk factor

The lifetime risk of CVD for men and women is more than 50 percent, researchers report in the journal JAMA.

Even in people with few or no cardiovascular risk factors, the risk is still greater than 30 percent, their study points out.

Risk factors for CVD:

High blood pressure or high blood pressure
Atherosclerosis or blockage of the arteries
Radiotherapy
fumes
Poor sleep hygiene
High blood cholesterol or hyperlipidemia
dIABETES
A diet rich in fats and carbohydrates
Lack of exercise
obesity
Lack of sleep
Excessive consumption of alcohol
Stress
Air pollution

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other forms of reduced lung function.

People with cardiovascular risk factors are often more likely. For example, obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. A person can have four conditions at the same time.

Reason

Many types of heart disease are complications of atherosclerosis.

The circulatory system can also be damaged by other health problems such as diabetes or viruses, inflammatory processes such as myocarditis, or congenital structural problems (congenital heart disease).

Heart disease is often caused by high blood pressure and has no subjective symptoms. Therefore, it is important to undergo regular checks for high blood pressure.

Physical restraint

Many types of heart disease are preventable. It is important to mitigate these risks by following these steps:

Reduce alcohol and tobacco use
Eat fresh fruits and vegetables
Avoid sitting, especially for children.

Bad lifestyle habits, such as eating too much sugar and not too much stress, are less likely to cause heart disease in youth because the effects of those habits are multiplied.

However, prolonged exposure to these risk factors can increase the risk of heart disease in the future.

Does aspirin prevent heart disease?

However, current guidelines do not recommend it for many because of the potential for bleeding. The risk outweighed the benefits.

However, your doctor may prescribe aspirin if you are at risk for heart disease, such as a heart attack or stroke, and have a low risk of bleeding. Doctors may recommend it for people who have already had a heart attack or stroke.

People who take aspirin daily to reduce their risk of heart disease should ask their doctor if they should continue taking aspirin.